Background Neuropathic pain in neuroimmunological disorders refers to pain caused by a
lesion or disease of the somatosensory system such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and …

Background and Objectives To evaluate the pathophysiology of neuromyelitis optica
spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and the therapeutic mechanism and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) …

Background and aims Chronic pain is a prevalent symptom in patients with autoimmune
encephalomyelitis such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Although IL-6 is involved …

Chronic pain is a significant symptom in patients with autoimmune encephalomyelitis, such
as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. The most commonly used animal model of …

We challenged to create a mouse model of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
induced by AQP4 peptide immunization. Intradermal immunization with AQP4 p201–220 …

Adolescence is a vulnerable period for developing anxiety-related mental disorders such as
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which requires a long-term course of therapy when a …

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of anti-IL-6 receptor
antibody on muscle weakness in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) mice. …

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune astrocytopathy caused
by antibodies against the aquaporin 4(AQP4) in end-feet of astrocytes. Breakdown of the …

Fear memory is more stable and stronger than extinction memory itself, and is stored for a
longer period of time. However, it is unclear whether fear memory can last for a lifetime. We …

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness
and fatigue. It is caused by pathological autoantibodies against components expressed at …