Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of
Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft …

Technological advances in DNA recovery and sequencing have drastically expanded the
scope of genetic analyses of ancient specimens to the extent that full genomic investigations …

Although many animals communicate vocally, no extant creature rivals modern humans in
language ability. Therefore, knowing when and under what evolutionary pressures our …

A complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence was reconstructed from a 38,000 year-old
Neandertal individual with 8341 mtDNA sequences identified among 4.8 Gb of DNA …

Hominins with morphology similar to present-day humans appear in the fossil record across
Eurasia between 40,000 and 50,000 y ago. The genetic relationships between these early …

It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside
Africa 47,000–65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a …

10.7554/eLife.00731.001 Phytophthora infestans, the cause of potato late blight, is infamous
for having triggered the Irish Great Famine in the 1840s. Until the late 1970s, P. infestans …

The genetic changes underlying the initial steps of animal domestication are still poorly
understood. We generated a high-quality reference genome for the rabbit and compared it to …

Although a rich record of Pleistocene human-associated archaeological assemblages exists,
the scarcity of hominin fossils often impedes the understanding of which hominins …

It is now possible to perform whole-genome shotgun sequencing as well as capture of specific
genomic regions for extinct organisms. However, targeted resequencing of large parts of …