Emotional contagion is the most ancestral form of empathy. We tested to what extent the
proximate mechanisms of emotional contagion are evolutionarily conserved by assessing the …

TReND is a volunteer-scientist run charity dedicated to promoting research and education on
the African continent. Focusing on neuroscience, we discuss approaches to address some …

Although aggression is more prevalent in males, females also express aggressive behaviors
and in specific ecological contexts females can be more aggressive than males. The aim of …

The alarm substance in fish is a pheromone released by injured individuals after a predator
attack. When detected by other fish, it triggers fear/defensive responses, such as freezing …

Background Oxidative stress formation is pivotal in the action of environmental agents
which trigger the activation of glial cells and neuroinflammation to stimulate compensatory …

Fluoride and aluminium have been reported to cause severe alterations in the brain. However,
their exact mechanisms of neurotoxic activities remain unknown. Aim This study was …

Objective To investigate the effects of acute and chronic aqueous garlic extract ingestion on
testicular cellular integrity and serum testosterone levels. Methods Twenty (20) male …

Haloperidol-induced dyskinesia has been linked to a reduction in dopamine activity characterized
by the inhibition of dopamine receptive sites on D2-receptor (D2R). As a result of D2R …

Background: fourth generation antipsychotics have been implicated in the blockade of calcium
signalling through inhibition of dopamine receptive sites on dopaminergic D2 Receptor (…

Parkinson’s disease has long been described to be a product of dopamine and (or) melanin
loss in the substanstia nigra (SN). Although most studies have focused on dopaminergic …