An international panel of experts prepared an evidenced-based guideline for vaccination of
immunocompromised adults and children. These guidelines are intended for use by primary …

Introduction Interleukin (IL)-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced largely by a
unique CD4 + T-helper (Th) subset called Th17 cells. The development of Th17 cells is …

Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an inflammation-associated hormone with
poorly defined biology. Here, we investigated the role of GDF15 in bacterial and viral infections…

Immunosuppressive drugs have become the gold standard for the treatment of major organ
involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. The use of immunosuppressive therapy in …

EBV infection is more common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in
control subjects, suggesting that this virus plays an etiologic role in disease and/or that …

Background Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist, can be used to treat cytokine release
syndrome (CRS), with observed improvements in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …

FOXP3-positive regulatory T (Treg) cells are a unique subset of T cells with immune
regulatory properties. Treg cells can be induced from non-Treg CD4+ T cells (induced Treg [iTreg] …

We investigated the relationship of memory CD4+ T cells with the evolution of influenza virus-specific
CD4+ T cell responses in healthy young and elderly people. Elderly individuals …

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are integrated retroviral elements that make up 8% of the
human genome. However, the impact of ERVs on human health and disease is not well …

The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in autoimmunity is underscored by
data showing that common functional polymorphisms in MIF are associated with disease …