How the brain processes information accurately despite stochastic neural activity is a
longstanding question 1 . For instance, perception is fundamentally limited by the information that …

Scientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns the structure of the environment
in a predictive, hierarchical manner. To do so, expected, predictable features are …

New three-photon miniature microscopes open the study of neuronal networks to those
deep in the brains of behaving animals.

The brain’s ability to associate different stimuli is vital for long-term memory, but how neural
ensembles encode associative memories is unknown. Here we studied how cell ensembles …

To understand how the brain processes sensory information to guide behavior, we must know
how stimulus representations are transformed throughout the visual cortex. Here we report …

We propose centralized brain observatories for large-scale recordings of neural activity in
mice and non-human primates coupled with cloud-based data analysis and sharing. Such …

Scientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns patterns in sensory data to generate
top-down predictions of upcoming stimuli. In line with this conjecture, different responses …

The apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons in sensory cortex receive primarily top-down
signals from associative and motor regions, while cell bodies and nearby dendrites are heavily …

Vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP) interneurons in cortex regulate feedback
inhibition of pyramidal neurons through suppression of somatostatin-expressing (SST) …

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has emerged as one of the most powerful and widespread
technologies to monitor the activity of neuronal networks in awake, behaving animals over …