Nuclear reprogramming describes a switch in gene expression of one kind of cell to that of
another unrelated cell type. Early studies in frog cloning provided some of the first …

… extension of those previously obtained from differentiating endoderm cells (Gurdon, 1960c).
… proportion of transfers which result in normal cleavage (Gurdon, 19606). It was found that if …

A morphogen gradient is an important concept in developmental biology, because it describes
a mechanism by which the emission of a signal from one part of an embryo can determine …

… A description has already been published (Gurdon, 196Oc) of the changes in developmental
capacity undergone by nuclei of endoderm cells in the frog Xenopus Zaevis, using donors …

… & Mohun, 1984; Sargent, Jamrich & Dawid, 1986), as well as in embryos in which gap junction
communication has been suppressed by anti-gap-junction antibodies (Warner & Gurdon, …

A method is described by which nuclei associated with some cytoplasm can be rapidly
prepared from a suspension of cells. The method involves the use of lysolecithin and bovine …

Injected frog eggs and oocytes provide a very sensitive assay system for the identification of
messenger RNA and permit the study of translational control in living cells. The translation of …

A METHOD of testing the potentialities of nuclei from embryonic cells has been described
by Briggs and King 1 . The method consists of transferring a nucleus from an embryonic cell …

… Details are from Briggs and King (6) and Gurdon (20). Feeding tadpoles are more advanced
than swimming tadpoles. (B) Nuclear transfer survival in mammals compared with Amphibia…

Using combinations of amphibian embryo tissues, it is shown that the selection of genes
expressed by a cell is determined by its distance from a source of activin, a peptide growth …