… In particular, we seek to represent the probability that an interaction between species i
and j occurs at location y. We define L ijy as a stochastic process taking a value of 1 when an …

Background Plants, plant-feeding insects, and insect parasitoids form some of the most
complex and species-rich food webs. According to the classic escape-and-radiate (EAR) …

Communities consist of species and their interactions. They can thus be described as
networks, with species as nodes and interactions as links. Within such networks, the diversity of …

… where Li,j is the interaction between species i and j, T1,i and T2,i are traits associated to the
set of species i (eg predator), and T1,j and T2,j are traits associated to the set of species j (eg …

European species of the species-group of Euura (Gemmura) mucronata (Hartig 1837) (Tenthredinidae:
Nematinae) have been revised. The mucronata-group is composed of 13 species…

The community of natural enemies of gall-forming sawflies (Pontania, Euura and Phyllocolpa
spp.) in willows was studied during 1981-2001 in 249 sites in 10 European countries (…

The European species of the leucosticta group of the genus Phyllocolpa are revised. The
leucosticta group is composed of 13 species, 5 of which are new. Phyllocolpa carinifrons stat. …

To clarify the host plant specificity of the gall-forming Nematinae, a total of 552 oviposition
experiments were carried out, testing 38 Pontania spp., 20 Euura spp. and 15 Phyllocolpa spp. …

The European species of the Phyllocolpa leucapsis-group (Tenthredinidae: Nematinae) are
revised. This species group is composed of 6 species, including 2 new taxa: Phyllocolpa …

… (hosts) and their food-plants are also determined by J.-P. Kopelke (nomenclature of gall
formers sensu Kopelke: to give comparable host-parasitoid data referring to papers of J.-P. …