To protect its eggs, the endoparasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi injects immune suppressive
factors into Drosophila melanogaster host larvae. These factors are localized in the female …

Bracoviruses represent the most complex endogenous viral elements (EVEs) described to
date. Nudiviral genes have been hosted within parasitoid wasp genomes since approximately …

We present the first in-depth investigation of the host-associated microbiota of the terrestrial
isopod crustacean Armadillidium vulgare. This species is an important decomposer of …

Some infections cases due to exposure to output water from dental unit waterlines (DUWL)
have been reported in the literature. However, this type of healthcare-associated risk has …

Animal–bacterial symbioses are highly dynamic in terms of multipartite interactions, both
between the host and its symbionts as well as between the different bacteria constituting the …

The virile crayfish (Orconectes virilis) represents a cryptic species complex with several
lineages known in the USA, and a wide introduced range. In Europe, O. virilis is an emerging …

The origin of the symbiotic association between parasitoid wasps and bracoviruses is still
unknown. From phylogenetic analyses, bracovirus‐associated wasp species constitute a …

Cotesia congregata is a parasitoid wasp that injects its eggs in the host caterpillar Manduca
sexta. In this host-parasite interaction, successful parasitism is ensured by a third partner: a …

Background In pathogens, certain genes encoding proteins that directly interact with host
defences coevolve with their host and are subject to positive selection. In the lepidopteran host-…

Electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment has proven to be effective against mineral scaling in
water systems. Therefore, it should be assessed for the treatment of other deposits such as …