For as long as dinosaurs have been known to exist, there has been speculation about their
appearance. Fossil feathers can preserve the morphology of color-imparting melanosomes, …

Feathers are complex integumentary appendages of birds and some other theropod
dinosaurs. They are frequently coloured and function in camouflage and display. Previous …

The rich fossil record of equids has made them a model for evolutionary processes 1 . Here
we present a 1.12-times coverage draft genome from a horse bone recovered from …

Cephalopods are extraordinary molluscs equipped with vertebrate‐like intelligence and a
unique buoyancy system for locomotion. A growing body of evidence from the fossil record, …

Iridescent feather colors involved in displays of many extant birds are produced by nanoscale
arrays of melanin-containing organelles (melanosomes). Data relevant to the evolution of …

The renowned soft-bodied faunas of the Cambrian period, which include the Burgess Shale,
disappear from the fossil record in the late Middle Cambrian, after which the Palaeozoic …

Dickinsonia is one of the most recognizable forms in the Ediacaran fauna, but its phylogenetic
position has been contentious, and it has been placed in almost every kingdom of life. …

Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are
fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much …

Melanin is a ubiquitous biological pigment found in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. It
has a diverse range of ecological and biochemical functions, including display, evasion, …

Penguin feathers are highly modified in form and function, but there have been no fossils to
inform their evolution. A giant penguin with feathers was recovered from the late Eocene (~…