Somatic cell nuclear transfer allows trans-acting factors present in the mammalian oocyte to
reprogram somatic cell nuclei to an undifferentiated state. We show that four factors (OCT4, …

Human blastocyst-derived, pluripotent cell lines are described that have normal karyotypes,
express high levels of telomerase activity, and express cell surface markers that characterize …

We have previously reported that high concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)
support feeder-independent growth of human embryonic stem (ES) cells, but those …

DNA cytosine methylation is a central epigenetic modification that has essential roles in cellular
processes including genome regulation, development and disease. Here we present the …

Reprogramming differentiated human cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has
applications in basic biology, drug development, and transplantation. Human iPS cell derivation …

The human body is composed of diverse cell types with distinct functions. Although it is
known that lineage specification depends on cell-specific gene expression, which in turn is …

The remarkable developmental potential and replicative capacity of human embryonic stem
(ES) cells promise an almost unlimited supply of specific cell types for transplantation …

Spinal muscular atrophy is one of the most common inherited forms of neurological disease
leading to infant mortality. Patients have selective loss of lower motor neurons resulting in …

The reference human genome sequence set the stage for studies of genetic variation and
its association with human disease, but epigenomic studies lack a similar reference. To …

▪ Abstract Floral evolution has often been associated with differences in pollination syndromes.
Recently, this conceptual structure has been criticized on the grounds that flowers attract …