Phosphorylation is often used to promote protein ubiquitylation, yet we rarely understand
quantitatively how ligase activation and ubiquitin (UB) chain assembly are integrated with …

Adeno-associated viral vectors are highly safe and efficient gene delivery vehicles. However,
numerous challenges in vector design remain, including neutralizing antibody responses, …

Routine clinical implementation of human gene therapy awaits safe and efficient gene delivery
methods. Polymeric vectors hold promise due to the availability of diverse chemistries, …

Purpose. Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a highly effective gene delivery vector, but because it is
an off-the shelf material, its properties may not be optimal. To investigate the effects of the …

Background The pathologies of numerous retinal degenerative diseases can be attributed to
a multitude of genetic factors, and individualized treatment options for afflicted patients are …

Respiratory viruses evolve to maintain infectivity levels that permit spread yet prevent host
and virus extinction, resulting in surprisingly low infection rates. Respiratory viruses …

The natural tropism of most viral vectors, including adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors,
leads to predominant transduction of neurons and epithelia within the central nervous system (…

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are extremely effective gene-delivery vehicles for a
broad range of applications. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these and other vectors is …

NOX2 is the prototypical member of the NADPH oxidase NOX superfamily and produces
superoxide (O 2 •− ), a key reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is essential in innate and …

Viruses can be engineered to efficiently deliver exogenous genes, but their natural gene
delivery properties often fail to meet human therapeutic needs. Therefore, engineering viral …