Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves
the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than …

In colony collapse disorder (CCD), honey bee colonies inexplicably lose their workers. CCD
has resulted in a loss of 50 to 90% of colonies in beekeeping operations across the United …

Background Over the last two winters, there have been large-scale, unexplained losses of
managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in the United States. In the absence of a …

Social insects are able to mount both group‐level and individual defences against pathogens.
Here we focus on individual defences, by presenting a genome‐wide analysis of immunity …

We report here genome sequences and comparative analyses of three closely related
parasitoid wasps: Nasonia vitripennis, N. giraulti, and N. longicornis. Parasitoids are important …

Recent losses in honey bee colonies are unusual in their severity, geographical distribution,
and, in some cases, failure to present recognized characteristics of known disease. …

Honey bee samples collected between 1995 and 2007 from 12 states were examined for
the presence of Nosema infections. Our results showed that Nosema ceranae is a wide-spread …

The availability of complete genome sequence from 12 Drosophila species presents the
opportunity to examine how natural selection has affected patterns of gene family evolution and …

Background Recent genomic analyses of arthropod defense mechanisms suggest conservation
of key elements underlying responses to pathogens, parasites and stresses. At the …

Honey bees are attacked by numerous parasites and pathogens toward which they present
a variety of individual and group-level defenses. In this review, we briefly introduce the many …