The tree of life is one of the most important organizing principles in biology 1. Gene surveys
suggest the existence of an enormous number of branches 2, but even an approximation of …

Dislocations are common defects in solids, yet all crystals begin as dislocation-free nuclei.
The mechanisms by which dislocations form during early growth are poorly understood. When …

BACKGROUND Numerous lines of evidence challenge the traditional interpretations of how
crystals nucleate and grow in synthetic and natural systems. In contrast to the monomer-by-…

Microbial communities are vital in the functioning of all ecosystems; however, most microorganisms
are uncultivated, and their roles in natural systems are unclear. Here, using random …

… Jillian F Banfield Jillian F Banfield … ) gene were unsuccessful, and therefore it has not been
possible to confirm these bacteria as sulfate reducers (Baker and Banfield, unpublished data). …

To understand the impact of particle size on phase stability and phase transformation during
growth of nanocrystalline aggregates we conducted experiments using titania (TiO 2 ) …

… will be reported separately (Penn and Banfield, in prep.). … adsorb strongly to anatase surfaces
(Penn and Banfield, in prep.). In … will be reported elsewhere (Penn and Banfield, in prep.). …

The oriented attachment of molecular clusters and nanoparticles in solution is now recognized
as an important mechanism of crystal growth in many materials, yet the alignment process …

A prominent feature of the bacterial domain is a radiation of major lineages that are defined
as candidate phyla because they lack isolated representatives. Bacteria from these phyla …

Kinetic studies conducted primarily between 465 and 525 ℃ demonstrate that the rate of the
polymorphic anatase to rutile transformation increases dramatically when the reacting …