Pancreatic islet cells are critical for maintaining normal blood glucose levels, and their
malfunction underlies diabetes development and progression. We used single-cell RNA …

This study provides an assessment of the Fluidigm C1 platform for RNA sequencing of single
mouse pancreatic islet cells. The system combines microfluidic technology and nanoliter-…

Proinsulin is a misfolding-prone protein, making its biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) a stressful event. Pancreatic β-cells overcome ER stress by activating the unfolded …

Glucagon supports glucose homeostasis by stimulating hepatic gluconeogenesis, in part by
promoting the uptake and conversion of amino acids into gluconeogenic precursors. …

Antagonizing glucagon action represents an attractive therapeutic option for reducing
hepatic glucose production in settings of hyperglycemia where glucagon excess plays a key …

Ionizable residues play essential roles in proteins, modulating protein stability, fold and
function. Asp, Glu, Arg, and Lys make up about a quarter of the residues in an average protein. …

A protein structure should provide the information needed to understand its observed
properties. Significant progress has been made in developing accurate calculations of acid/base …

Limitations in cell proliferation are important for normal function of differentiated tissues and
essential for the safety of cell replacement products made from pluripotent stem cells, which …

The rare SLC30A8 mutation encoding a truncating p.Arg138* variant (R138X) in zinc
transporter 8 (ZnT8) is associated with a 65% reduced risk for type 2 diabetes. To determine …

The ghrelin-producing ε cell represents the fifth endocrine cell type in human pancreatic
islets. The abundance of ε cells in adult pancreas is extremely low, which has hampered the …