Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasingly common, primarily because of increases
in the prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Whether type 2 diabetes can be …

Schizophrenia has a heritability of 60–80% 1 , much of which is attributable to common risk
alleles. Here, in a two-stage genome-wide association study of up to 76,755 individuals with …

Obesity is globally prevalent and highly heritable, but its underlying genetic factors remain
largely elusive. To identify genetic loci for obesity susceptibility, we examined associations …

Background Low birthweight has been consistently shown to be associated with coronary
heart disease (CHD) and its biological risk factors. The effects of low birthweight are increased …

Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA
sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA…

Background Lifestyle interventions can prevent the deterioration of impaired glucose tolerance
to manifest type 2 diabetes, at least as long as the intervention continues. In the extended …

Background Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. It is uncertain how
postnatal growth affects disease risk. Methods We studied 8760 people born in Helsinki from …

Objective: To examine whether catch-up growth during childhood modifies the increased
risk of death from coronary heart disease that is associated with reduced intrauterine growth. …

Objective: To determine how growth during infancy and childhood modifies the increased
risk of coronary heart disease associated with small body size at birth. Design: Longitudinal …

A crucial role for working memory in temporary information processing and guidance of
complex behavior has been recognized for many decades. There is emerging consensus that …