Background— Smoking is an important cardiovascular disease risk factor, but the mechanisms
linking smoking to blood pressure are poorly understood. Methods and Results— Data …

Objectives To investigate whether associations of smoking with depression and anxiety are
likely to be causal, using a Mendelian randomisation approach. Design Mendelian …

… Thomas R Bolton,3,5 Amy M Mason,3 Adam S Butterworth,3,5 Emanuele Di Angelantonio,3,5
Gunnhild Å Vie,6 Johan H Bjørngaard,6 Jonas Minet Kinge,7,8 Yue Chen,9 Xiao-Mei Mai6 …

Background Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is common and associated with prominent
negative consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of persistent CWP …

Background: Tobacco smoking has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors including
adverse serum lipid levels, central obesity and higher resting heart rate, but lower blood …

Objectives To investigate, using a Mendelian randomisation approach, whether heavier
smoking is associated with a range of regional adiposity phenotypes, in particular those related …

Background There is evidence for a positive relationship between cigarette and coffee
consumption in smokers. Cigarette smoke increases metabolism of caffeine, so this may …

Few studies have used prospective designs in large population surveys to assess the risk of
developing chronic widespread pain (CWP). We wanted to examine 1) how many people …

Background: Many studies have investigated how unemployment influences health, less
attention has been paid to the reverse causal direction; how health may influence the risk of …

Previous reports suggest that offspring of mothers who smoke during pregnancy have greater
risk of developing depression. However, it is unclear whether this is due to intrauterine …