Background To date, no immunological data on COVID-19 heterologous vaccination schedules
in humans have been reported. We assessed the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of …

The induction of alloantigen-specific unresponsiveness remains an elusive goal in organ
transplantation. Here we identify plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) as phagocytic antigen-…

Microglia play a pivotal role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis but lose homeostatic
function during neurodegenerative disorders. We identified a specific apolipoprotein E (APOE)…

To determine the site and mechanism of suppression by regulatory T (Treg) cells, we
investigated their migration and function in an islet allograft model. Treg cells first migrated from …

Macrophages have protective roles in immunity to pathogens, tissue development, homeostasis
and repair following damage. Maladaptive immunity and inflammation provoke changes …

The similarities and differences between trained immunity and other immune processes are
the subject of intense interrogation. Therefore, a consensus on the definition of trained …

The ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to initiate and orchestrate immune responses is a consequence
of their localization within tissues and their specialized capacity for mobilization. The …

Langerin is a C-type lectin receptor that recognizes glycosylated patterns on pathogens.
Langerin is used to identify human and mouse epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs), as well as …

The liver is essential for inducing immunological tolerance toward harmless antigens to
maintain immune system homeostasis. However, the precise cellular mechanisms of tolerance …

IL-10 production by Th17 cells is critical for limiting autoimmunity and inflammatory responses.
Gene array analysis on Stat6 and T-bet double-deficient Th17 cells identified the Th2 …