Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across
many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian …

INTRODUCTION Crocodilians and birds are the two extant clades of archosaurs, a group
that includes the extinct dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Fossils suggest that living crocodilians (…

Orthologous sequences of six nuclear genes were obtained for all recognized genera of
New World monkeys (Primates: Platyrrhini) and outgroups to evaluate the phylogenetic …

Previous molecular analyses of mammalian evolutionary relationships involving a wide range
of placental mammalian taxa have been restricted in size from one to two dozen gene loci …

The functional diversification of the vertebrate globin gene superfamily provides an
especially vivid illustration of the role of gene duplication and whole-genome duplication in …

There are more than 125 species of extant New World monkeys (Primates: Platyrrhini) found
in approximately 15 genera. The phylogenetic relationships of these neotropical primates …

It has been hypothesized that two successive rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD)
in the stem lineage of vertebrates provided genetic raw materials for the evolutionary …

Subsequent to the two rounds of whole-genome duplication that occurred in the common
ancestor of vertebrates, a third genome duplication occurred in the stem lineage of teleost …

2. Materials and methods Sequences of the growth hormone receptor and 12S ribosomal
RNA gene were obtained from GenBank for 33 caviomorph (South American group) and 3 …

Natural selection often promotes evolutionary innovation by coopting preexisting genes for
new functions, and this process may be greatly facilitated by gene duplication. Here we report …