Context: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most effective long-term therapies
for the treatment of severe obesity. Recent evidence indicates that RYGB effects weight loss …

The melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) and MC4R are known to play critical roles in energy
homeostasis. However, the physiological functions of the MC3R remain poorly understood. …

The melanocortin-3 receptor–deficient (MC3-R −/− ) mouse exhibits mild obesity without
hyperphagia or hypometabolism. MC3-R deletion is reported to increase adiposity, reduce lean …

Episodes of insulin-induced hypoglycemia are frequent in type 1 and advanced type 2 diabetes,
but pharmaceutical approaches to prevent these are lacking. Cellular stresses such as …

Defective melanocortin signaling causes hyperphagic obesity in humans and the melanocortin-4
receptor knockout mouse (MC4R −/− ). The human disease most commonly presents, …

The central melanocortin system plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
Neurons containing the peptide precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC) are found at two sites …

The importance of the central melanocortin system in the regulation of energy balance is
highlighted by studies in transgenic animals and humans with defects in this system. Mice that …

The organisation of timing in mammalian circadian clocks optimally coordinates behavior
and physiology with daily environmental cycles. Chronic consumption of a high‐fat diet alters …

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation in peripheral tissues caused, in
part, by the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes into adipose tissue. Studies in rodent …

… Kate LJ Ellacott … Kate LJ Ellacott … response to obesity (Ellacott et al., 2007; Trevaskis
et al., 2007); thus, this model may be useful for the study of obesity in the absence of MetS. …