While the fungus Candida albicans is a common colonizer of healthy humans, it is also
responsible for mucosal infections and severe invasive disease. Understanding the mechanisms …

Successful pathogens require metabolic flexibility to adapt to diverse host niches. The
presence of co-infecting or commensal microorganisms at a given infection site can further …

Armed with an arsenal of antimicrobial mechanisms, neutrophils are among the first innate
immune cells recruited to the site of bacterial infection. Neutrophils utilize both oxidative and …

During pneumonic plague, the bacterium Yersinia pestis elicits the development of inflammatory
lung lesions that continue to expand throughout infection. This lesion development and …

Inhalation of Yersinia pestis causes primary pneumonic plague, the most severe manifestation
of plague that is characterized by a dramatic neutrophil influx to the lungs. Neutrophils are …

The lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) of H . influenzae is highly variable. Much of the structural
diversity is derived from phase variation, or high frequency on‐off switching, of molecules …

Pneumonic plague is the most rapid and lethal form of Yersinia pestis infection. Increasing
evidence suggests that Y. pestis employs multiple levels of innate immune evasion and/or …

Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent pathogen and the causative agent of bubonic, septicemic,
and pneumonic plague. Primary pneumonic plague caused by inhalation of respiratory …

Background & Aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by severe gastrointestinal
inflammation, but many patients experience extra-intestinal disease. Bone loss is one …

Following inhalation, Yersinia pestis rapidly colonizes the lung to establish infection during
primary pneumonic plague. Although several adhesins have been identified in Yersinia spp., …