A mutant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with a 4,977-bp deletion was detected in the
parkinsonian brain by using the polymerase chain reaction. Although the deleted mtDNA was …

Some mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) causing a number of neuromuscular diseases
are suggested to arise spontaneously during the life of an individual. To substantiate the …

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein
kinase kinase kinase family, which activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 in response to a …

The cellular composition of barrier epithelia is essential to organismal homoeostasis. In
particular, within the small intestine, adult stem cells establish tissue cellularity, and may provide …

Cardiac function deteriorates with age, and endogenous damage to mitochondrial DNA (mt
DNA) is believed to be a major contributory factor to aging. Mitochondria occupy a pivotal …

Ferroptosis has recently attracted much interest because of its relevance to human diseases
such as cancer and ischemia‐reperfusion injury. We have reported that prolonged severe …

A wide variety of cell death mechanisms, such as ferroptosis, have been proposed in mammalian
cells, and the classification of cell death attracts global attention because each type of …

The aim of this study is to elucidate effects of aging on mitochondrial function and mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA) in rat heart and liver. The activities of complex I and complex IV of heart …

Abstract Changes in the osmolality of body fluids pose a serious danger to cells and living
organisms, which have developed cellular systems to sense and respond to osmotic stress …

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) was identified as a MAP3K that activates the
JNK and p38 pathways, and subsequent studies have reported ASK2 and ASK3 as members …