Limited knowledge exists on immune markers associated with disease severity or recovery
in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we elucidated longitudinal …

Influenza A viruses and the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) both express
neuraminidases that catalyze release of sialic acid residues from oligosaccharides and …

Although viral-based influenza vaccines contain neuraminidase (NA or N) antigens from the
recommended seasonal strains, NA is not extensively evaluated like hemagglutinin (H) …

Multiple vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 based on viral spike protein are under
development. However, there is limited information on the quality of antibody responses …

Hospitalized COVID-19 patients often present with a large spectrum of clinical symptoms.
There is a critical need to better understand the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 that lead to …

Supplementing influenza vaccines with recombinant neuraminidase (rNA) antigens remains
a promising approach for improving suboptimal vaccine efficacy. However, correlations …

Virions are a common antigen source for many viral vaccines. One limitation to using virions
is that the antigen abundance is determined by the content of each protein in the virus. This …

Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) against conserved domains in the
influenza hemagglutinin are in clinical trials. Several next generation influenza vaccines …

Several next-generation (universal) influenza vaccines and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs)
are in clinical development. Some of these mediate inhibitions of virus replication at …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in
infants. Previously, we elucidated the antibody repertoire following primary RSV infection in …