Antiretroviral-based strategies for HIV prevention have shown inconsistent results in women.
We investigated whether vaginal microbiota modulated tenofovir gel microbicide efficacy in …

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by depletion of Lactobacillus and overgrowth of
anaerobic and facultative bacteria, leading to increased mucosal inflammation, epithelial …

Problem Susceptibility to HIV is associated with the menstrual cycle and vaginal microbiome,
but their collective impact on vaginal inflammation remains unclear. Here, we characterized …

Background The potential role of the gut microbiome as a predictor of immune-mediated HIV-1
control in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is still unknown. In the BCN02 …

Alterations to the mucosal environment of the female genital tract, such as genital inflammation,
have been associated with increased HIV acquisition in women. As the microbiome and …

People living with HIV (PLWH) who are immune nonresponders (INRs) are at greater risk of
comorbidity and mortality than are immune responders (IRs) who restore their CD4 + T cell …

Topical microbicides are being explored as an HIV prevention method for individuals who
practice receptive anal intercourse. In vivo studies of these microbicides are critical to confirm …

Neutrophil recruitment and activation within the female genital tract are often associated
with tissue inflammation, loss of vaginal epithelial barrier integrity, and increased risk for …

Background Gender reassignment surgery is a procedure some transgender women (TW)
undergo for gender-affirming purposes. This often includes the construction of a neovagina …

Background Adolescent girls and young women aged 15‒24 years in sub-Saharan Africa are
at disproportionate risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Given the known …