APOBEC3 proteins catalyze deamination of cytidines in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA),
providing innate protection against retroviral replication by inducing deleterious dC > dU …

Atomic structures of several proteins from the coronavirus family are still partial or unavailable.
A possible reason for this gap is the instability of these proteins outside of the cellular …

Intramuscularly administered vaccines stimulate robust serum neutralizing antibodies, yet
they are often less competent in eliciting sustainable “sterilizing immunity” at the mucosal level…

Purpose: Heparanase is the predominant enzyme that cleaves heparan sulfate, the main
polysaccharide in the extracellular matrix. Whereas the role of heparanase in sustaining the …

Intramuscularly administered vaccines stimulate robust serum neutralizing antibodies, yet they
are often less competent in eliciting sustainable ‘sterilizing immunity’ at the mucosal level. …

SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers strong antibody response toward Nucleocapsid-Protein (NP),
suggesting extracellular presence beyond its intra-virion RNA binding. Interestingly, NP …

Epidemics of paralytic disease due to poliovirus were an annual occurrence in the early
20th century. In 1916, there were 2000 deaths in New York City alone from the nationwide …

The spike protein (S) of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) attaches the virus to its cellular receptor,
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A defined receptor-binding domain (RBD) on …

Broadly neutralizing antibodies against highly variable pathogens have stimulated the
design of vaccines and therapeutics. We report the use of diverse camelid single-domain …

To combat the HIV epidemic and emerging threats such as SARS-CoV-2, immunization
strategies are needed that elicit protection at mucosal portals of pathogen entry. Immunization …