The Bronze Age of Eurasia (around 3000–1000 BC) was a period of major cultural changes.
However, there is debate about whether these changes resulted from the circulation of …

We sequenced the genomes of a ∼7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight ∼8,000-year-old
hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other …

Here we report the Simons Genome Diversity Project data set: high quality genomes from 300
individuals from 142 diverse populations. These genomes include at least 5.8 million base …

The bacteria Yersinia pestis is the etiological agent of plague and has caused human
pandemics with millions of deaths in historic times. How and when it originated remains …

It is commonly thought that human genetic diversity in non-African populations was shaped
primarily by an out-of-Africa dispersal 50–100 thousand yr ago (kya). Here, we present a …

High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number 1
of geographically restricted populations 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , or been targeted at specific diseases, …

For thousands of years the Eurasian steppes have been a centre of human migrations and
cultural change. Here we sequence the genomes of 137 ancient humans (about 1× average …

INTRODUCTION Most studies of human genetic variation have focused on single-nucleotide
variants (SNVs). However, copy-number variants (CNVs) affect more base pairs of DNA …

The Caucasus, inhabited by modern humans since the Early Upper Paleolithic and known
for its linguistic diversity, is considered to be important for understanding human dispersals …

R1a-M420 is one of the most widely spread Y-chromosome haplogroups; however, its
substructure within Europe and Asia has remained poorly characterized. Using a panel of 16 244 …