A fundamental question in vertebrate locomotion is whether distinct spinal networks exist
that are capable of generating rhythmic output for each group of muscle synergists. In many …

The spinal network coordinating locomotion in the lamprey serves as a model system, in which
it has been possible to elucidate connectivity and cellular mechanisms using the isolated …

The slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) following the action potential is the main determinant
of spike frequency regulation. The sAHP after single action potentials in neurons of the …

10.7554/eLife.01386.001 Rod and cone photoreceptors are coupled by gap junctions (GJs),
relatively large channels able to mediate both electrical and molecular communication. …

10.7554/eLife.07166.001 Vertebrates acquired dim-light vision when an ancestral cone
evolved into the rod photoreceptor at an unknown stage preceding the last common ancestor of …

The forebrain, brainstem and spinal cord contribution to the control of locomotion is reviewed
in this article. The lamprey is used as an experimental model since it allows a detailed …

Aims Ventilation vs. carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO 2 ) is among the strongest cardiopulmonary
exercise testing prognostic parameters in heart failure (HF). It is usually reported as …

This study investigates the role of two different HCN channel isoforms in the light response
of the outer retina. Taking advantage of HCN-deficient mice models and of in vitro (patch-…

Rod-cone gap junctions mediate the so-called “secondary rod pathway”, one of three routes
that convey rod photoreceptor signals across the retina. Connexin 36 (Cx36) is expressed at …

Hyperpolarization–activated cyclic nucleotide–sensitive (HCN) channels mediate the I f
current in heart and I h throughout the nervous system. In spiking neurons I h participates …