During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that is devastating the modern societies
worldwide, many variants that naturally acquire multiple mutations have emerged. Emerging …

Soon after the emergence and global spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron lineage, BA.1 (ref 1 , 2 ), another Omicron lineage, BA.2…

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in late 2021 and is characterised by multiple
spike mutations across all spike domains. Here we show that Omicron BA.1 has higher …

Although the Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus shows resistance to neutralizing
antibody, it retains susceptibility to the cellular immune response. Here we characterize vaccine-…

HIV-1 Nef downregulates the viral entry receptor CD4 as well as the coreceptors CCR5 and
CXCR4 from the surface of HIV-infected cells, and this leads to promotion of viral replication …

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in 2021 1 and has multiple mutations in its
spike protein 2 . Here we show that the spike protein of Omicron has a higher affinity for …

Many SARS-CoV-2 variants with naturally acquired mutations have emerged. These
mutations can affect viral properties such as infectivity and immune resistance. Although the …

Soon after the emergence and global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA.1,
another Omicron lineage, BA.2, began outcompeting BA.1. The results of statistical analysis …

HIV-1 Nef enhances virion infectivity by counteracting host restriction factor SERINC5;
however, the impact of natural Nef polymorphisms on this function is largely unknown. We …

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in late 2021 and is characterised by
multiple spike mutations across all spike domains. Here we show that compared to the Delta …