Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) plays critical roles in both mitochondrial fusion and the establishment of
mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) interactions. Hypothalamic ER stress has …

Caloric restriction (CR) protects against aging and disease, but the mechanisms by which
this affects mammalian life span are unclear. We show in mice that deletion of ribosomal S6 …

Recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathophysiology of
obesity. Indeed, diet-induced obesity (DIO) has been associated to substantial changes in …

In November 1955, Geoffrey Harris published a paper based on the Christian A Herter
Lecture he had given earlier that year at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD, USA. The …

Hypothalamic AgRP and POMC neurons are conventionally viewed as the yin and yang of
the body’s energy status, since they act in an opposite manner to modulate appetite and …

Metabolic disorders such as obesity are accompanied by endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction
and decreased vascular density. The current paradigm posits that metabolic alterations …

Recent evidence suggests that alterations in insulin/insulin–like growth factor 1 (IGF1)
signaling (IIS) can increase mammalian life span. For example, in several mouse mutants, …

Hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been suggested to act as a key
sensing mechanism, responding to hormones and nutrients in the regulation of energy …

The eight catalytic subunits of the mammalian phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) family
form the backbone of an evolutionarily conserved signalling pathway; however, the roles of …

Insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2) plays complex roles in energy homeostasis. We generated
mice lacking Irs2 in β cells and a population of hypothalamic neurons (RIPCreIrs2KO), in all …