INTRODUCTION Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are rapidly deployed in response to
invading pathogens. By initiating a signaling cascade that stimulates the expression of …

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus, has recently caused epidemic outbreaks and is
therefore considered a re-emerging pathogen for which no effective treatment is available. In …

The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
the underlying cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to a worldwide …

Background The outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas has transformed a previously
obscure mosquito-transmitted arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family into a major public health …

There are several RNA interference (RNAi) pathways in insects. The small interfering RNA
pathway is considered to be the main antiviral mechanism of the innate immune system; …

Spillover events of avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) to humans could represent the first step
in a future pandemic 1 . Several factors that limit the transmission and replication of avian …

Dynamic, mRNA-containing stress granules (SGs) form in the cytoplasm of cells under
environmental stresses, including viral infection. Many viruses appear to employ mechanisms to …

Several components of the mosquito immune system including the RNA interference (RNAi),
JAK/STAT, Toll and IMD pathways have previously been implicated in controlling arbovirus …

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a globally spreading alphavirus against which there is no
commercially available vaccine or therapy. Here we use a genome-wide siRNA screen to …

The small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is a major antiviral response in mosquitoes;
however, another RNA interference pathway, the PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, has …