Rationale Accumulating evidence indicates that the cognitive effects of dopamine depend
on the subtype of dopamine receptor that is activated. In particular, recent work with animals …

Drugs that alter dopamine transmission have opposite effects on reward and punishment
learning. These opposite effects have been suggested to depend on dopamine in the striatum. …

Fatigue is commonly reported in a variety of illnesses, and it has major impact on quality of
life. Previously, it was thought that fatigue originates in the skeletal muscles, leading to …

Sickness behavior in humans is characterized by low mood and fatigue, which have been
suggested to reflect changes in motivation involving reorganization of priorities. However, it is …

Abnormalities in value-based decision making during adolescence have often been
attributed to non-linear, inverted-U shaped development of reward-related processes. This …

A balance has to be struck between supporting distractor-resistant representations in working
memory and allowing those representations to be updated. Catecholamine, particularly …

Increased use of stimulant medication, such as methylphenidate, by healthy college students
has raised questions about its cognitive-enhancing effects. Methylphenidate acts by …

Interactions between motivational, cognitive, and motor regions of the striatum are crucial
for implementing behavioral control. Work with experimental animals indicates that such …

… overlay panel Marieke E. van der Schaaf a d , Floris P. De Lange d , Iris C. Schmits a , Dirk
EM Geurts c d f , Karin Roelofs a , Jos WM van der Meer b , Ivan Toni a , Hans Knoop a e …

Being quick often comes at the expense of being accurate. This speed–accuracy tradeoff is
a central feature of many types of decision making. It has been proposed that dopamine …