Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the cause of human acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS), is a zoonotic infection of staggering proportions and social impact. Yet …

The mechanism by which CD4 T cells are depleted in HIV-infected hosts remains poorly
understood. In ex vivo cultures of human tonsil tissue, CD4 T cells undergo a pronounced …

High-level immune activation and T cell apoptosis represent a hallmark of HIV-1 infection
that is absent from nonpathogenic SIV infections in natural primate hosts. The mechanisms …

Background Global genetic diversity of HIV-1 is a major challenge to the development of HIV
vaccines. We aimed to estimate the regional and global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and …

Simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys (SIVsmm) is recognized as the progenitor
of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and has been transmitted to humans on …

West-central African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) harbor strains of simian
immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz) that are closely related to all three groups of human …

The impacts of interferon (IFN) signaling on COVID-19 pathology are multiple, with both
protective and harmful effects being documented. We report here a multiomics investigation of …

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses causally associated with benign
warts and multiple cancers, including cervical and head-and-neck cancers. While the vast …

Objective: Gut microbial translocation is a major driving force behind chronic immune activation
during HIV-1 infection. HIV-1-related intestinal dysbiosis, including increases in mucosa-…

We previously demonstrated that HIV replication is concentrated in lymph node B cell follicles
during chronic infection and that HIV-specific CTL fail to accumulate in large numbers at …