The evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis had a profound impact on the Earth’s surface
chemistry, leading to a sharp rise in atmospheric oxygen between 2.45 and 2.32 billion years (…

Sulphur isotope data from early Archaean rocks suggest that microbes with metabolisms
based on sulphur existed almost 3.5 billion years ago, leading to suggestions that the earliest …

Plants rapidly release photoassimilated carbon (C) to the soil via direct root exudation and
associated mycorrhizal fungi, with both pathways promoting plant nutrient availability. This …

One-hundred-nm-resolution secondary ionizing mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) was used to
determine the distribution of Au, Cu, As, Sb, and S, and stable isotopes of S ( 34 S/ 32 S) in …

Soils are structurally heterogeneous across a wide range of spatio-temporal scales.
Consequently, external environmental conditions do not have a uniform effect throughout the soil, …

We report high-resolution SIMS microscopy measurements, which show that many ‘MnS’
inclusions have surrounding them a narrow ‘halo’ of half-width typically 100nm that is strongly …

Currently accepted mechanistic models describing aqueous corrosion of borosilicate
glasses are based on diffusion-controlled hydrolysis, hydration, ion exchange reactions, and …

The waters surrounding coral reef ecosystems are generally poor in nutrients, yet their levels
of primary production are comparable with those reported from tropical rain forests. One …

Plant roots and microorganisms interact and compete for nutrients within the rhizosphere,
which is considered one of the most biologically complex systems on Earth. Unraveling the …

Geochemical observations indicate that planktic foraminifer test Mg/Ca is heterogeneous in
many species, thereby challenging its use as a paleotemperature proxy for …