Pemphigoid diseases refer to a group of severe autoimmune skin blistering diseases
characterized by subepidermal blistering and loss of dermal-epidermal adhesion induced by …

In healthy skin, epidermis and dermis are anchored together at the dermal-epidermal junction
(DEJ), a specialized basement membrane pivotal for skin integrity and function. However, …

The incidence of heart failure with concomitant cardiac fibrosis is very high in developed
countries. Fibroblast activation in heart is causal to cardiac fibrosis as they convert to …

Background & Aims Excessive shedding of apoptotic enterocytes into the intestinal lumen is
observed in inflammatory bowel disease and is correlated with disease relapse. Based on …

Chronic inflammation and impaired wound healing play important roles in the pathophysiology
of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the aberrant secretion of proteases plays a critical …

Remodeling of the extracellular matrix is beneficial during the acute wound healing stage
following tissue injury. In the short term, resident fibroblasts and myofibroblasts regulate the …

Granzymes are a family of serine proteases first shown to be intracellular initiators of
immune-mediated cell death in target pathogenic cells. In addition to its intracellular role, Granzyme …

Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease that has long been thought to function exclusively
in lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, this paradigm has been revisited due to …

Wildfire smoke induces acute pulmonary distress and is of particular concern to risk groups
such as the sick and elderly. Wood smoke (WS) contains many of the same toxic compounds …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin condition. Skin barrier dysfunction
is of major importance in AD because it facilitates allergen sensitization and systemic …