We present TranslatorX, a web server designed to align protein-coding nucleotide sequences
based on their corresponding amino acid translations. Many comparisons between …

Deuterostomes comprise vertebrates, the related invertebrate chordates (tunicates and
cephalochordates) and three other invertebrate taxa: hemichordates, echinoderms and …

Knowing phylogenetic relationships among species is fundamental for many studies in
biology. An accurate phylogenetic tree underpins our understanding of the major transitions in …

Xenoturbellida and Acoelomorpha are marine worms with contentious ancestry. Both were
originally associated with the flatworms (Platyhelminthes), but molecular data have revised …

The timing of divergences among metazoan lineages is integral to understanding the processes
of animal evolution, placing the biological events of species divergences into the correct …

While a unique origin of the euarthropods is well established, relationships between the four
euarthropod classes—chelicerates, myriapods, crustaceans and hexapods—are less clear. …

Myriapods (eg, centipedes and millipedes) display a simple homonomous body plan relative
to other arthropods. All members of the class are terrestrial, but they attained terrestriality …

Morphological data traditionally group Tardigrada (water bears), Onychophora (velvet
worms), and Arthropoda (eg, spiders, insects, and their allies) into a monophyletic group of …

While some aspects of the phylogeny of the five living echinoderm classes are clear, the
position of the ophiuroids (brittlestars) relative to asteroids (starfish), echinoids (sea urchins) …

Shared molecular genetic characteristics other than DNA and protein sequences can provide
excellent sources of phylogenetic information, particularly if they are complex and rare and …