Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical technique to treat certain neurologic and psychiatric
conditions, relies on pre-determined stimulation parameters in an open-loop configuration. …

Objective. Given current clinical interest in vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), there are surprisingly
few studies characterizing the anatomy of the vagus nerve in large animal models as it …

Background: The ventral tegmental area (VTA), containing mesolimbic and mesocortical
dopaminergic neurons, is implicated in processes involving reward, addiction, reinforcement, …

Objective The effects of 2 frequently used formulations of menopausal hormone therapy (mHT)
on brain structure and cognition were investigated 3 years after the end of a randomized, …

Electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve using implanted electrodes (VNS) is FDA-approved
for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, treatment-resistant depression, and …

Objective Clinical data suggest that efficacious vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is limited by
side effects such as cough and dyspnea that have stimulation thresholds lower than those for …

Implanted neural stimulation and recording devices hold vast potential to treat a variety of
neurological conditions, but the invasiveness, complexity, and cost of the implantation …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for
medically refractory Parkinson's disease. Although DBS has recognized clinical utility, its …

Introduction Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an FDA-approved neuromodulatory treatment
used in the clinic today for epilepsy, depression, and cluster headaches. Moreover, …

Introduction Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a circuit-based treatment shown to relieve
symptoms from multiple neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. In order to treat the memory …