Over time, memory retrieval is thought to transfer from the hippocampus to a distributed
network of neocortical sites. Of these sites, the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is robustly activated …

The mammalian vascular system consists of two networks: the blood vascular system and
the lymphatic vascular system. Throughout the body, the lymphatic system contributes to …

Background DNA variants in APOL1 associate with kidney disease, but the pathophysiologic
mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Model organisms lack the APOL1 gene, …

Microvascular dysfunction is a key driver of kidney disease. Pathophysiological changes in
the kidney vasculature are regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (…

Background Lymphangiogenesis is believed to be a protective response in the setting of
multiple forms of kidney injury and mitigates the progression of interstitial fibrosis. To augment …

There is increasing evidence the kidney lymphatics perform an active role in the response
to kidney injury and the development of fibrosis. Recent advances in our understanding of …

Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common glomerular diseases in children and can be
classified on the basis of steroid responsiveness. While multiple genetic causes have been …

Michael Donnan is a nephrologist and assistant professor in the Division of Nephrology and
Hypertension at Northwestern University. He completed his medical degree and nephrology …

Background In 2015, five randomised trials showed efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy
over standard medical care in patients with acute ischaemic stroke caused by occlusion of …

Importance Endovascular thrombectomy with second-generation devices is beneficial for
patients with ischemic stroke due to intracranial large-vessel occlusions. Delineation of the …