Avian diversification has been influenced by global climate change, plate tectonic movements,
and mass extinction events. However, the impact of these factors on the diversification of …

Songbirds (oscine passerines) are the most species-rich and cosmopolitan bird group,
comprising almost half of global avian diversity. Songbirds originated in Australia, but the …

The avian family Timaliidae is a species rich and morphologically diverse component of
African and Asian tropical forests. The morphological diversity within the family has attracted …

Todiramphus chloris is the most widely distributed of the Pacific's ‘great speciators’. Its 50
subspecies constitute a species complex that is distributed over 16 000 km from the Red Sea …

Background Persistent active endoscopic and histological inflammation is associated with
poorer outcomes in ulcerative colitis (UC). Fecal calprotectin is a surrogate marker of …

Dry forest bird communities in South America are often fragmented by intervening mountains
and rainforests, generating high local endemism. The historical assembly of dry forest …

Recent phylogenetic studies of gekkonid lizards have revealed unexpected, widespread
paraphyly and polyphyly among genera, unclear generic boundaries, and a tendency towards …

Colorful signals in nature provide some of the most stunning examples of rapid phenotypic
evolution. Yet, studying color pattern evolution has been historically difficult owing to …

Aim Kingfishers are the most species‐rich family in the avian order, Coraciiformes. Their
modern distribution is largely pantropical; however, global species diversity is unevenly …

The complex island archipelagoes of Wallacea and Melanesia have provided empirical data
behind integral theories in evolutionary biology, including allopatric speciation and island …