Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technologies, such as organoids, are physiologically
relevant models for basic and clinical applications. Automated microfluidics offers advantages …

Cells receive time-varying signals from the environment and generate functional responses
by secreting their own signaling molecules. Characterizing dynamic input-output …

The immune system constantly battles infection and tissue damage, but exaggerated immune
responses lead to allergies, autoimmunity and cancer. Discrimination of self from foreign …

NF-κB is a key transcription factor that regulates innate immune response. Its activity is
tightly controlled by numerous feedback loops, including two negative loops mediated by NF-κB …

Single-cell technologies are becoming increasingly widespread and have been
revolutionizing our understanding of cell identity, state, diversity and function. However, current …

Biosensors based on nanotechnology are rapidly developing and are becoming widespread
in the biomedical field and analytical chemistry. For these nanobiosensors to reach their …

Infected cells communicate through secreted signaling molecules like cytokines, which carry
information about pathogens. How differences in cytokine secretion affect inflammatory …

Myoblasts aggregate, differentiate and fuse to form skeletal muscle during both embryogenesis
and tissue regeneration. For proper muscle function, long-range self-organization of …

We developed an automated microfluidic chip that can measure dynamic cytokine secretion
and transcription factor activation from cells responding to time-varying stimuli. Our chip …

Cellular processes are regulated by various mechanical and physical factors in their local
microenvironment such as geometric confinements, cell–substrate interactions, and cell–cell …