Background BK virus (BKV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivations
are common after kidney transplantation and associated with increased morbidity and …

We introduce a new model for the dynamics of centroblasts and centrocytes in a germinal
center. The model reduces the germinal center reaction to the elements considered as …

A fundamental property of cell populations is their growth rate as well as the time needed for
cell division and its variance. The eukaryotic cell cycle progresses in an ordered sequence …

Affinity maturation of B lymphocytes within germinal centers involves both diversification of
their B-cell receptors (BCRs) by somatic hypermutation (SHM) and a crucial receptor-…

Background The germinal center (GC) reaction leads to antibody affinity maturation and
generation of memory B cells, but its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To …

Optimization of antibody affinity is a hallmark of the humoral immune response. It takes place
in hundreds of transient microstructures called germinal centers (GCs). Their function and …

Germinal centers (GCs) are complex, multicell-type, transient structures that form in secondary
lymphatic tissues in response to T cell-dependent stimulation. This process is crucial to …

Peptide arrays prepared by the SPOT synthesis technology have emerged as a proteomic
tool to study molecular recognition and identify biologically active peptides. However, it was …

Instabilities (breakup) of spiral waves in two dimensions and their one-dimensional analogs—wave
trains triggered by a specific boundary condition—leading to spatiotemporally …

The dispersion relation is the dependence of the velocity of periodic planar wave trains on
their wavelength. We study the occurrence of a velocity gap in the dispersion relation in a …