Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and nitric oxide (NO), the product of inducible NO synthase (iNOS),
mediate inflammatory and immune responses in the CNS under a variety of …

Astrocytes and microglia, the two immune‐regulatory cells of the central nervous system (CNS),
are activated by a variety of pathogens and cytokines to elicit rapid transcriptional …

Recent findings suggest that hypercholesterolemia may contribute to the onset of Alzheimer’s
disease‐like dementia but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we …

: Oxidative stress is known to induce cell death in a wide variety of cell types, apparently by
modulating intracellular signaling pathways. In this study, we have examined the activation of …

Smooth muscle cells and pericytes, together called mural cells, coordinate many distinct
vascular functions. Canonically, smooth muscle cells are ring-shaped and cover arterioles with …

Classic cardio-metabolic risk factors such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and
hypercholesterolemia all increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease. We found increased transcription …

The serotonin transporter (SERT) is regulated by various signaling mechanisms that may
operate to maintain appropriate levels of synaptic serotonin (5-HT). We demonstrate that one of …

In addition to its function in calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D is neuroprotective and
important for mitigating inflammation. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive …

Previous studies have shown that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades signal
the induction of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) in glial cells (Bhat, NR, Zhang, P., Lee…

Direct contact and communication between pericytes and endothelial cells is critical for
maintenance of cerebrovascular stability and blood-brain barrier function. Capillary pericytes …