Despite numerous journalistic accounts, systematic quantitative evidence on economic
conditions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic remains scarce for most low- and middle-…

Widespread acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines is crucial for achieving sufficient immunization
coverage to end the global pandemic, yet few studies have investigated COVID-19 …

Are ordinary citizens or political party leaders better positioned to select candidates? While
the American primary system lets citizens choose, most democracies rely instead on party …

Social insects are successful animal invaders. Their survival and success, and in some cases
also their impact on invaded ecosystem functioning, is often mediated by symbiosis with …

Trained immunity is the enhanced response of the innate immune system to a secondary
infection after an initial encounter with a microorganism. This non-specific response to …

Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated mitigation
policies created a global economic and health crisis of unprecedented depth and scale, …

We use a two-stage experiment to study how a short-term subsidy for a new product affects
uptake, usage, and future demand for the same product (a new solar lamp). We use an …

Earth's microbial biosphere extends down through the crust and much of the subsurface,
including those microbial ecosystems located within cave systems. Here, we elucidate the …

Vaccines are changing the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, but in grossly uneven ways.
Low-and middleincome countries (LMICs) face considerable obstacles in both receiving and …

Cervical shortening is a recognised risk factor for pre-term birth. The vaginal microbiome
plays an essential role in pregnancy and in maternal and foetal outcomes. We studied the …