Data on long-distance enhancer-mediated activation of gene promoters and complex regulation
of gene expression by multiple enhancers have prompted the hypothesis that the action …

In higher eukaryotes, enhancers determine the activation of developmental gene transcription
in specific cell types and stages of embryogenesis. Enhancers transform the signals …

In higher eukaryotes, the regulation of developmental gene expression is determined by
enhancers, which are often located at a large distance from the promoters they regulate. …

Insulators are multiprotein–DNA complexes that regulate the nuclear architecture. The
Drosophila CP190 protein is a cofactor for the DNA-binding insulator proteins Su(Hw), CTCF, and …

… from the SalI site to the proximal EcoRI site; Flipper 23 contains the central 0.8-kb SalI-XbaI
fragment; Flipper 24 contains a 210-bp fragment previously described by Kyrchanova et al. (…

Insulators are defined as a class of regulatory elements that delimit independent transcriptional
domains within eukaryotic genomes. According to previous data, an interaction (pairing) …

According to recent models, as yet poorly studied architectural proteins appear to be required
for local regulation of enhancer–promoter interactions, as well as for global chromosome …

Background Insulators play a central role in gene regulation, chromosomal architecture and
genome function in higher eukaryotes. To learn more about how insulators carry out their …

Chromatin insulators, or boundary elements, appear to control eukaryotic gene expression
by regulating interactions between enhancers and promoters. Boundaries have been …

Expression of the genes Ubx , abd-A , and Abd-B of the bithorax complex depends on its cis
-regulatory region, which is divided into discrete functional domains ( iab ). Boundary/…