The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is widely exploited by the fermentation industry for
the production of enzymes and organic acids, particularly citric acid. We sequenced the 33.9-…

In sulfate-reducing and methanogenic environments complex biopolymers are hydrolyzed
and degraded by fermentative micro-organisms that produce hydrogen, carbon dioxide and …

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger exhibits great diversity in its phenotype. It is found
globally, both as marine and terrestrial strains, produces both organic acids and hydrolytic …

To the Editor—Reconstructing metabolic reaction networks enables the development of
testable hypotheses of an organism’s metabolism under different conditions 1. State-of-the-art …

CRISPR-Cas is a prokaryotic adaptive immune system that provides sequence-specific
defense against foreign nucleic acids. Here we report the structure and function of the effector …

Many species of microalgae produce hydrocarbons, polysaccharides, and other valuable
products in significant amounts. However, large-scale production of algal products is not yet …

The CRISPR-Cas system is a prokaryotic host defense system against genetic elements. The
Type III-B CRISPR-Cas system of the bacterium Thermus thermophilus, the TtCmr complex…

Controlling the expression of genes is one of the key challenges of synthetic biology. Until
recently fine-tuned control has been out of reach, particularly in eukaryotes owing to their …

Background: Massive high-throughput sequencing of short, hypervariable segments of the
16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene has transformed the methodological landscape describing …

Ten years of experience with molecular class–specific information systems (MCSIS) such as
with the hand‐curated G protein–coupled receptor database (GPCRDB) or the …