The secreted Frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are a family of soluble proteins that are
structurally related to Frizzled (Fz) proteins, the serpentine receptors that mediate the extensively …

Dendrite branching and spine formation determines the function of morphologically distinct
and specialized neuronal subclasses. However, little is known about the programs instructing …

Patterning of the vertebrate eye appears to be controlled by the mutual regulation and the
progressive restriction of the expression domains of a number of genes initially co-expressed …

The retina pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialised epithelium that serves as a
multifunctional and indispensable component of the vertebrate eye. Although a great deal of …

Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is a member of the hedgehog family of signalling molecules. SHH was
initially described as a protein secreted from two signalling centres, the notochord and the …

In vertebrates, midline-derived sonic hedgehog and nodal are crucial for the initial proximal-distal
patterning of the eye. The establishment of the distal optic stalk is in turn a prerequisite …

The retina pigment epithelium (RPE) is fundamental for the development and function of the
vertebrate eye. Molecularly, the presumptive RPE can be identified by the early expression …

The expression pattern of Otx2, a homeobox-containing gene, was analyzed from the beginning
of eye morphogenesis until neural retina differentiation in chick embryos. Early on, Otx2 …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have important roles in the regulation
of gene expression. The roles of individual miRNAs in controlling vertebrate eye …

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons grow towards the diencephalic ventral midline during
embryogenesis guided by cues whose nature is largely unknown. We provide in vitro and in …