Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy associated with profound host
immunosuppression. Microglia and macrophages infiltrating GBM acquire the pro-tumorigenic, M2 …

Background: Microlesion effect (MLE) is a commonly observed phenomenon after electrode
insertion into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Objectives: …

Simple Summary Glioblastomas (GBM) are aggressive brain tumors with poor prognosis
that need effective treatment. GBMs are characterized by extensive cellular and molecular …

High‐grade gliomas are aggressive, deadly primary brain tumors. Median survival of patients
with glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade 4) is 14 months and <10% of patients survive 2 years. …

Hemophilic arthropathy (HA) is one of the most common and typical manifestation in the
course of recurrent bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia. Clinical and subclinical joint …

We have determined the cellular concentration of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
and the activities of two brain iodothyronine deiodinases, type II (5’-D2) and type III (5-D3), in …

Postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) are commonly observed in advanced Parkinson’s
disease. The neuronal mechanism of PIGD is not fully understood. Dysfunction of the …

Gliosarcoma is a very rare brain tumor reported to be a variant of glioblastoma (GBM), IDH-wildtype.
While differences in molecular and histological features between gliosarcoma and …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a method of treatment utilized to control medically refractory
epilepsy (RE). Patients with medically refractory epilepsy who do not achieve satisfactory …

Background and purpose Extent of resection plays a key role in the treatment of malignant
gliomas (MGs). Patients with complete glioma removal, followed by chemoradiation, obtain …