High-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing has transformed our understanding of complex
cell populations, but it does not provide phenotypic information such as cell-surface protein …

The increasing need for polychromatic approaches to flow cytometry, coupled with rapid
technological advances, has pushed the frontiers of flow cytometry beyond 12-colour systems. …

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the
immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of …

In recent years, advances in technology have provided us with tools to quantify the expression
of multiple genes in individual cells. The ability to measure simultaneously multiple genes …

From a technical point of view a flow cytometer is a light detection device capable of detecting
photons of different wavelengths over a high dynamic range. In order to achieve a high …

Immune responses arise from a wide variety of cells expressing unique combinations of
multiple cell-surface proteins. Detailed characterization is hampered, however, by limitations in …

The complex heterogeneity of cells, and their interconnectedness with each other, are major
challenges to identifying clinically relevant measurements that reflect the state and …

The impact of virus dose on the outcome of infection is poorly understood. In this study we
show that, for hepatitis B virus (HBV), the size of the inoculum contributes to the kinetics of viral …

Recently activated, but not resting, CD4 + T cells express CD154, providing costimulatory
signals to B cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Therefore, de novo CD154 expression …

Long-lived memory T cells are able to persist in the host in the absence of antigen; however,
the mechanism by which they are maintained is not well understood. Recently, a subset of …