In response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), NF-κB enters the nucleus and promotes inflammatory
and stress-responsive gene transcription. Because NF-κB deregulation is associated …

In complex organisms, caspase proteases mediate a variety of cell behaviors, including
proliferation, differentiation, and programmed cell death/apoptosis. Structural homologs to the …

Cytokines provide the means by which immune cells communicate with each other and with
parenchymal cells. There are over one hundred cytokines and many exist in families that …

Caspase proteases are a conserved protein family predominantly known for engaging and
executing apoptotic cell death. Nevertheless, in higher eukaryotes, caspases also influence a …

Although cytokine-dependent dynamics of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) are known to encode
information that regulates cell fate decisions, it is unclear whether single-cell responses are …

In tissues and tumours, cell behaviours are regulated by multiple time-varying signals. While
in the laboratory cells are often exposed to a stimulus for the duration of the experiment, in …

Noisy gene expression generates diverse phenotypes, but little is known about mechanisms
that modulate noise. Combining experiments and modeling, we studied how tumor necrosis …

Background The p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a critical mediator of
myoblast differentiation, and does so in part through the phosphorylation and regulation of …

Target-centric drug development strategies prioritize single-target potency in vitro and do not
account for connectivity and multi-target effects within a signal transduction network. Here, …

A myriad of inflammatory cytokines regulate signaling pathways to maintain cellular homeostasis.
The IκB kinase (IKK) complex is an integration hub for cytokines that govern nuclear …