Glucocorticoids (GCs; ie cortisol/corticosterone) are a central component of the stress
response and thus their measurement is frequently used to evaluate the impact of stressful …

In recent years, the noninvasive monitoring of steroid hormone metabolites in feces of mammals
and droppings of birds has become an increasingly popular technique. It offers several …

Animal welfare is of increasing importance and absence of chronic stress is one of its
prerequisites. During stress, various endocrine responses are involved to improve the fitness of the …

During the past 20 years, measuring steroid hormone metabolites in fecal samples has
become a widely appreciated technique, because it has proved to be a powerful, noninvasive …

Stress responses play a key role in allowing animals to cope with change and challenge in
the face of both environmental certainty and uncertainty. Measurement of glucocorticoid …

A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges. Front‐line
hormones to overcome stressful situations are glucocorticoids (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs). …

Non-invasive faecal oestrogen and progesterone metabolite evaluations are well established
approaches for monitoring reproductive function in a variety of mammalian species. The …

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several
advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since …

Human outdoor recreational activities are increasing and have a significant impact on wildlife.
There are few methods suitable for investigating the response of rare and endangered …

In small animals like mice, the monitoring of endocrine functions over time is constrained
seriously by the adverse effects of blood sampling. Therefore, noninvasive techniques to …