Immune-microbe interactions early in life influence the risk of allergies, asthma, and other
inflammatory diseases. Breastfeeding guides healthier immune-microbe relationships by …

Disrupted development of the gut microbiota is a contributing cause of childhood malnutrition.
Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis is a prominent early colonizer of the infant gut …

Historically, Bifidobacterium species were reported as abundant in the breastfed infant gut.
However, recent studies in resource-rich countries show an increased abundance of taxa …

The gut microbiome plays an important role in early life, protecting newborns from enteric
pathogens, promoting immune system development and providing key functions to the infant …

Background Recent studies have reported a dysfunctional gut microbiome in breastfed
infants. Probiotics have been used in an attempt to restore the gut microbiome; however, …

Dysbiosis is associated with acute and long-term consequences for neonates. Probiotics can
be effective in limiting the growth of bacteria associated with dysbiosis and promoting the …

Background: Preterm birth is a major determinant of neonatal survival and morbidity, but the
gut microbiome and associated enteric inflammation are also key factors in neonatal …

Acute release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) during repeated restraint (3-h restraint
on each of 3 days) causes temporary hypophagia but chronic suppression of body weight in …

Background Clinicians are increasingly recognizing severe asthma patients in whom biologics
and other add-on therapies lead to dramatic improvement. Currently, there is no agreed-…

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease mainly of preterm infants with a 30–50% mortality
rate and long-term morbidities for survivors. Treatment strategies are limited and have not …