Did towns return to early medieval Europe through political leadership or economic expansion?
This paper turns the spotlight on a particular group of actors, the long-distance traders, …

The maritime expansion of Scandinavian populations during the Viking Age (about ad 750–1050)
was a far-flung transformation in world history 1, 2. Here we sequenced the genomes …

This study explores the potential of complex network theory as a new approach to the
organisation and dynamics of communication in early history. It shows how network theory pins …

… Barrett’s perceptive review has triggered a series of responses calling to attention the
importance of urban networks (Sindbæk 2011), ideologies (Carver 2015), personal reputation (…

This paper presents the results of the use of a minimally destructive biomolecular technique
to explore the resource networks behind one of the first specialized urban crafts in early …

… the plausibility to the saga’s thirteenth-century audience of a walrus’s appearance in this
place and time. The saga does not convey a sense that the animal’s appearance is in any way …

… steatite-using regions, rather than being allocated for a continued use as daily-life objects
by settlers, or as prestige goods associated with Scandinavian origin and identity (Sindbæk in …

… could hardly be more different from Lundeborg‘s open accessibility or Åhus‘ boundary position
on a … Hedeby‘s position, however, was influenced by the site‘s potential to act as a bridge …

… The text which preserves Wulfstan’s and O hthere’s reports of many ‘lands’ — the geographical
introduction to the Old English translation of Orosius’s Historia adversum paganos — …

… Methods and Results descriptions (excavation and artefact chronology; radiocarbon dating);
thirteen tables detailing artefact distribution per phases on this project’s excavation (SJM 3) …